Business Law Library & Tracker

Insurance Policies & Claims

Policy wording, disclosure, coverage, claims and insurer disputes.

Sources last reviewed 28 July 2026

Main law guides

122

Acts, regulations and codes worth reading first

Topics

60

Plain-English clusters

Published case explainers

143

Selected cases with a business lesson

Tracked updates

11

New, amended & reviewed

Plain-English explainers, not legal advice. Use the linked official source for section-level detail, and get advice for your situation.

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Main laws

Main lawUnited Kingdom

Insurance Act 2015

2015 c. 4

PriorityCurrent legislation7 practical checks · checked 28 July 2026
Contracts & CommercialRegulatory ComplianceDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & Claims
Main lawUnited Kingdom

Commercial Agents (Council Directive) Regulations 1993

SI 1993/3053

PriorityIn force4 practical checks · checked 13 June 2026
Contracts & CommercialFranchising, Distribution & DealershipsInsurance Policies & Claims
Main lawUnited Kingdom

Consumer Protection Act 1987

UKPGA 1987 c 43

PriorityIn force4 practical checks · checked 13 June 2026
Food & Product ComplianceConsumer Law & TradingProduct Safety, Labelling & RecallsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & Customs
Main lawUnited Kingdom

Employers' Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969

UKPGA 1969 c 57

PriorityIn force4 practical checks · checked 13 June 2026
Employment & WorkplaceRegulatory ComplianceWorkplace Health & SafetyFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & Claims
Main lawUnited Kingdom

Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977

UKPGA 1977 c 50

PriorityIn force4 practical checks · checked 13 June 2026
Contracts & CommercialUnfair Contract TermsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsStandards, Accreditation & Certification
Main lawUnited Kingdom

Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act 1995

UKPGA 1995 c 30

PriorityCurrent legislation7 practical checks · checked 28 July 2026
Business Sales & AcquisitionsCommercial Leases, Rent & OutgoingsDebt Recovery, Guarantees & SecurityDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & Customs

Cases

UK Supreme Court[2026] UKSC 1422 Apr 2026

Bath Racecourse Ltd v Liberty Mutual Insurance Europe SE

Insurance recovery is calculated under the policy, not from headline revenue loss alone. Grants, reimbursements and avoided costs may affect the final amount. Keep...

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Contracts & CommercialFinance, Payments & SecurityWages, Leave & PayrollDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & Claims
High Court of Justice[2026] EWHC 1093 (Ch)19 May 2026

The Financial Conduct Authority v Argento Wealth Limited & Anor

The lasting value of this case is practical rather than technical. If your business raises money, do not assume that a purpose clause automatically ring-fences...

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Directors' Duties & GovernanceShareholders & Company ControlAdvertising, Marketing & PromotionsDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFranchising, Distribution & DealershipsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsStandards, Accreditation & Certification
High Court of Justice[2026] EWHC 1165 (Ch)25 Mar 2026

Zurich Insurance Company Ltd, Re

For most small businesses, this case is less about day-to-day trading and more about how regulated transfers work behind the scenes when an insurer moves a...

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Liquidation & RestructuringRecords, Reporting & NotificationsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & CustomsTelecommunications, Media & Content
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2025] EWCA Civ 26414 Mar 2025

Mohinder Singh & Ors v David Ingram (in his capacity as the Liquidator of MSD Cash and Carry PLC)

For business owners, directors and insolvency practitioners, the lesson is simple: do not assume that a funding agreement signed part-way through a dispute only...

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Insolvency & RestructuringDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDirectors' Duties & GovernanceLiquidation & RestructuringDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesInsurance Policies & Claims
High Court of Justice[2025] EWHC 2276 (Ch)4 Sept 2025

River Island Holdings Limited, Re

The practical lesson is not that every struggling business can cut leases through court process. It is that directors should act early, build evidence and compare...

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Insolvency & RestructuringWages, Leave & PayrollDirectors' Duties & GovernanceLiquidation & RestructuringOnline Sales, Subscriptions & PlatformsCommercial Leases, Rent & OutgoingsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & CustomsTelecommunications, Media & ContentEquality, Discrimination & Accessibility
UK Supreme Court[2025] UKSC 2121 May 2025

URS Corporation Ltd v BDW Trading Ltd

If your business develops, designs or helps build residential property, do not assume risk ends when the units are sold or when an old six-year limitation position...

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Regulatory ComplianceDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesWorkplace Health & SafetyDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & CustomsTelecommunications, Media & Content
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2024] EWCA Civ 110626 Sept 2024

Christine Self v Santander Cards UK Limited

For small and mid-sized businesses in consumer finance, the practical lesson is not that any standard form will always block later claims. The lesson is narrower...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & CustomsStandards, Accreditation & CertificationConsumer Complaints & Dispute Resolution
UK Supreme Court[2024] UKSC 3423 Oct 2024

Oakwood Solicitors Ltd v Menzies

The lasting lesson is about billing process, customer communication and evidence. If your business can take fees from money it holds for a customer, do not assume a...

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Disputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsEnvironmental Consents & WasteInsurance Policies & ClaimsTelecommunications, Media & Content
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2024] EWCA Civ 54120 May 2024

Options UK Personal Pensions LLP v Financial Ombudsman Service Limited

If your firm is FCA-regulated, do not assume that execution-only wording or no-advice declarations will protect you from a complaint about losses. This case shows...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDirectors' Duties & GovernanceDebt Recovery, Guarantees & SecurityInsurance Policies & ClaimsConsumer Complaints & Dispute Resolution
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2024] EWCA Civ 25415 Mar 2024

Rajinder Kumar & Ors v LSC Finance Limited

If your business lends or borrows against land, do not treat purpose wording as boilerplate. A court will look at the actual intended use of the land and the real...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDirectors' Duties & GovernanceDebt Recovery, Guarantees & SecurityDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsAgriculture, Farming & Rural BusinessInsurance Policies & ClaimsStandards, Accreditation & Certification
UK Supreme Court[2023] UKSC 4115 Nov 2023

Canada Square Operations Ltd v Potter

The safest reading for business owners is straightforward. Do not assume that six years automatically closes off risk if your business model depended on not telling...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & CustomsTelecommunications, Media & ContentStandards, Accreditation & CertificationConsumer Complaints & Dispute Resolution
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2023] EWCA Civ 14017 Feb 2023

Vadim Don Benyatov v Credit Suisse (Securities) Europe Ltd

The practical lesson is about clarity, scope and risk allocation. An employer may owe recognised duties of care and may have to reimburse some expenses or...

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Employment & WorkplaceEmployment Contracts & PoliciesDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesRestraints, Confidentiality & Trade SecretsDirectors' Duties & GovernanceLicences, Permits & RegistrationsFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & Claims
High Court of Justice[2022] EWHC 2437 (Ch)30 Sept 2022

Ventures Food Limited v Little Dessert Shop Limited

If your business model involves one entity taking a lease and another occupying the premises, make the documents say clearly what right is being granted and what...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesShareholders & Company ControlLiquidation & RestructuringCommercial Leases, Rent & OutgoingsLicences, Permits & RegistrationsDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFranchising, Distribution & DealershipsInsurance Policies & ClaimsWorkplace Investigations & Misconduct
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2020] EWCA Civ 24625 Feb 2020

Chapelgate Credit Opportunity Master Fund Ltd v Money & Ors

If your business is using a commercial funder to back a claim, do not assume the funder’s downside is automatically capped at the amount it puts in. This case shows...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesLiquidation & RestructuringDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & Claims
High Court of Justice[2019] EWHC 2995 (Ch)7 Nov 2019

Burnden Holdings (UK) Ltd & Anor v Fielding & Anor

If your business funds someone else’s court claim, the court may treat you as a real participant in the litigation rather than a bystander. That risk increases...

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Dismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesLiquidation & RestructuringCommercial Leases, Rent & OutgoingsDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesInsurance Policies & ClaimsImport, Export, Sanctions & Customs
UK Supreme Court[2017] UKSC 2429 Mar 2017

Wood v Capita Insurance Services Limited

Warranties and indemnities are not interchangeable safety nets. A buyer needs each risk mapped to the trigger, notice process, time limit, liability cap and remedy...

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Contracts & CommercialCompanies & StartupsRegulatory ComplianceDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesFinancial Services, Credit & PaymentsInsurance Policies & ClaimsTelecommunications, Media & Content
Court of Appeal of England and Wales[2016] EWCA Civ 131423 Dec 2016

The English Electric Company Ltd v Alstom UK

Do not assume a historic employee claim stays with the original employer after a business transfer. In this case, the court held that wording about claims arising...

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Employment & WorkplaceEmployment Contracts & PoliciesDismissal, Redundancy & GrievancesWorkplace Health & SafetyDisputes, Enforcement & RemediesInsurance Policies & Claims