A forward contract is a customised financial agreement between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified future date for a price agreed upon today. Unlike standardised futures contracts traded on exchanges, forward contracts are privately negotiated and can be tailored to meet the specific needs of the parties involved.
In the UK, these contracts are commonly used for hedging purposes, allowing businesses to lock in prices and manage risks associated with fluctuations in currency, interest rates, or commodity prices. The terms of a forward contract, including the delivery date, quantity, and price, are determined at the outset, providing certainty and predictability for both parties.
However, because they are not traded on an exchange, forward contracts carry a higher risk of default, as there is no central clearinghouse to guarantee the transaction. This makes it crucial for parties to assess the creditworthiness of their counterparties.
Overall, forward contracts are a valuable tool for businesses looking to manage financial risks and secure future pricing, but they require careful consideration and understanding of the potential risks involved.